"humour" meaning in Middle English

See humour in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /iu̯ˈmuːr/, /ˈiu̯mur/ Forms: humours [plural]
Etymology: From Old French humor, from Latin hūmor, ūmor. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|humor}} Old French humor, {{der|enm|la|hūmor}} Latin hūmor Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} humour, {{enm-noun|humours}} humour (plural humours)
  1. A "cardinal humour" (four liquids believed to affect health and mood) Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Disease, Emotions, Eye, Liquids, Pseudoscience, Psychology Related terms (four humours): flewme
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-U0UIGf7l Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 15 12 16 8 15 15 12 7 Disambiguation of Disease: 40 16 19 1 2 15 6 2 Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 3 9 11 20 20 3 10 Disambiguation of Eye: 15 5 10 18 19 19 5 8 Disambiguation of Liquids: 16 14 17 6 11 11 18 8 Disambiguation of Pseudoscience: 16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13 Disambiguation of Psychology: 16 4 10 12 23 23 3 10 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 13 3 10 11 24 24 3 12 Disambiguation of 'four humours': 21 8 8 17 11 11 7 17
  2. A bodily liquid or substance that causes disease or affliction. Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Liquids, Pseudoscience
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-hs9yMKdv Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 15 12 16 8 15 15 12 7 Disambiguation of Liquids: 16 14 17 6 11 11 18 8 Disambiguation of Pseudoscience: 16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13
  3. A bodily liquid or substance that is caused by disease. Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Eye, Liquids, Pseudoscience
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-esRhzTo9 Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 15 12 16 8 15 15 12 7 Disambiguation of Eye: 15 5 10 18 19 19 5 8 Disambiguation of Liquids: 16 14 17 6 11 11 18 8 Disambiguation of Pseudoscience: 16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13
  4. One of the two (usually reckoned as three or four) fluidous portions of the eye. Categories (topical): Emotions, Eye, Psychology
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-opEValY8 Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 3 9 11 20 20 3 10 Disambiguation of Eye: 15 5 10 18 19 19 5 8 Disambiguation of Psychology: 16 4 10 12 23 23 3 10 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 13 3 10 11 24 24 3 12
  5. Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:
    The liquid contained within a plant; plant juices.
    Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Botany, Emotions, Eye, Liquids, Psychology
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-j72nzZfw Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 15 12 16 8 15 15 12 7 Disambiguation of Botany: 13 7 10 11 22 15 9 12 Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 3 9 11 20 20 3 10 Disambiguation of Eye: 15 5 10 18 19 19 5 8 Disambiguation of Liquids: 16 14 17 6 11 11 18 8 Disambiguation of Psychology: 16 4 10 12 23 23 3 10 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 13 3 10 11 24 24 3 12
  6. Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:
    (rare) A liquid of the human body (e.g. blood)
    Tags: rare Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Emotions, Eye, Liquids, Pseudoscience, Psychology
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-1Kym9uci Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 15 12 16 8 15 15 12 7 Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 3 9 11 20 20 3 10 Disambiguation of Eye: 15 5 10 18 19 19 5 8 Disambiguation of Liquids: 16 14 17 6 11 11 18 8 Disambiguation of Pseudoscience: 16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13 Disambiguation of Psychology: 16 4 10 12 23 23 3 10 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 13 3 10 11 24 24 3 12
  7. A mist or gas; a substance dissipated in the air. Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Liquids, Pseudoscience
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-JAzENDZd Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 15 12 16 8 15 15 12 7 Disambiguation of Liquids: 16 14 17 6 11 11 18 8 Disambiguation of Pseudoscience: 16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13
  8. (rare) One of the four classical elements (fire, earth, air, and water). Tags: rare Categories (topical): Emotions, Pseudoscience, Psychology
    Sense id: en-humour-enm-noun-nY3GjVkz Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 3 9 11 20 20 3 10 Disambiguation of Pseudoscience: 16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13 Disambiguation of Psychology: 16 4 10 12 23 23 3 10 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 13 3 10 11 24 24 3 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: humore, umour, humor, humur, humer Related terms: coler, malencolie, sanguine [edit]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
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          "_dis": "13 7 10 11 22 15 9 12",
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      ],
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      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:",
        "(rare) A liquid of the human body (e.g. blood)"
      ],
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    },
    {
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            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Pseudoscience",
          "orig": "enm:Pseudoscience",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mist or gas; a substance dissipated in the air."
      ],
      "id": "en-humour-enm-noun-JAzENDZd",
      "links": [
        [
          "mist",
          "mist"
        ],
        [
          "gas",
          "gas"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 3 10 11 24 24 3 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 3 9 11 20 20 3 10",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 13 8 8 14 16 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Pseudoscience",
          "orig": "enm:Pseudoscience",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 4 10 12 23 23 3 10",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Psychology",
          "orig": "enm:Psychology",
          "parents": [
            "Social sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the four classical elements (fire, earth, air, and water)."
      ],
      "id": "en-humour-enm-noun-nY3GjVkz",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) One of the four classical elements (fire, earth, air, and water)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iu̯ˈmuːr/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈiu̯mur/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "humore"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "umour"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "humor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "humur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "humer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "humour"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Bodily fluids",
    "enm:Botany",
    "enm:Disease",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Eye",
    "enm:Liquids",
    "enm:Pseudoscience",
    "enm:Psychology"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "humour"
          },
          "expansion": "English: humour",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: humour (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "humour"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: humour",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: humour"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "humor"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French humor",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "hūmor"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin hūmor",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French humor, from Latin hūmor, ūmor.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "humours",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "humour",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "humours"
      },
      "expansion": "humour (plural humours)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "sense": "four humours",
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:four_humours/enm?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "flewme"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:four_humours/enm?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "coler"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:four_humours/enm?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "malencolie"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:four_humours/enm?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "sanguine [edit]"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A \"cardinal humour\" (four liquids believed to affect health and mood)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A bodily liquid or substance that causes disease or affliction."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "liquid",
          "liquid"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ],
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ],
        [
          "affliction",
          "affliction"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A bodily liquid or substance that is caused by disease."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One of the two (usually reckoned as three or four) fluidous portions of the eye."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eye",
          "eye"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:",
        "The liquid contained within a plant; plant juices."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fluidous",
          "fluidous"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:",
        "A liquid of the human body (e.g. blood)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fluidous",
          "fluidous"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:",
        "(rare) A liquid of the human body (e.g. blood)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A mist or gas; a substance dissipated in the air."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mist",
          "mist"
        ],
        [
          "gas",
          "gas"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the four classical elements (fire, earth, air, and water)."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) One of the four classical elements (fire, earth, air, and water)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iu̯ˈmuːr/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈiu̯mur/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "humore"
    },
    {
      "word": "umour"
    },
    {
      "word": "humor"
    },
    {
      "word": "humur"
    },
    {
      "word": "humer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "humour"
}

Download raw JSONL data for humour meaning in Middle English (3.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.